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4.1.2 Dividing the Earth

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if you look at a globe first may seem like a very big place but we can divide intersections smaller parts that make it easier to understand what are the sections and what do they tell us about locations on Earth two of the most distant parts of the Earth or the pole the North and South poles are located at opposite ends of Earth the North Pole is the part of Earth that is the farthest north the South Pole is the part of Earth that is the farthest South the North Pole is surrounded by the Arctic region the South Pole is surrounded by the continent of Antarctica seals whales and penguins live here even though they are far away from each other the North and South Poles have some things in common their climates are similar they both get very cold climate is the weather patterns in one place over a long period of time in the polls are both places where Earth lines of longitude meet lines of longitude are imaginary lines that run from the North Pole the South Pole lines of latitude are imaginary lines that run from east to west around the world lines of latitude and lines of longitude help us divided into sections imaginary line runs through Earth from the North Pole to the South Pole it is Earth's axis Earth spins on its axis once every 24 hours as Earth spins or rotates some parts of it face the Sun and have a life other parts face away from the Sun and have night time two other lines help us divide Earth the equator is the YouTube latitude that circles the middle of Earth the Prime Meridian is Earth's main line of longitude these lines the equator and the prime meridian allow us to divide Earth into hemispheres a hemisphere is one half of Earth the equator divides Earth into two hemispheres the northern hemisphere in the southern hemisphere North America is in the northern hemisphere South America is mostly in the southern hemisphere we can also divided birth along the Prime Meridian the half of Earth west of the Prime Meridian is called the Western Hemisphere the half of Earth east of the Prime Meridian is called the Eastern Hemisphere the eastern and western hemispheres meet at 180° longitude so in what hemispheres is the United States located if you divide Earth at the equator you see that the United States is in the northern hemisphere if you divide Earth at the prime meridian you see that the United States in the Western Hemisphere different parts of Earth have different climates some places are hot circled some areas getting much more rain than others 1 factors that affects an area's climate is how the Sun Shines on Earth at different latitude if sunlight Shines on a place directly it will be if it doesn't it will be cold most of the places around the equator have warmer climates because sunlight shines almost directly down on them throughout the year the North and South Poles colder climates because the sun's Rays hit those areas at an angle and bring a little warm the region of Earth with some of the warmest climate is called the tropics the tropics extend from the Tropic of Cancer northernmost point where the sun shines directly overhead the Tropic of Capricorn the southernmost point where the sun shines directly overhead each of these lines the Tropic cancer the Tropic of Capricorn the equator and the prime meridian help us locate places on Earth and look at only a part of a very large place

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4.1.2 Dividing the Earth

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